Opportunities and challenges for Venezuela’s nascent international tourism
Venezuela has strong potential to develop its tourism industry for international visitors.
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Opportunities and challenges for Venezuela’s nascent international tourism
Venezuela has strong potential to develop its tourism industry for international visitors.
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RESEARCH / COMMENTARY / REPORTS
Venezuela: The irreversible thesis
Sparked by an irreversible political transition toward Western alignment, Venezuela is positioned for rapid, oil-driven economic recovery that will disproportionately benefit the country's urban middle and upper classes.
Venezuela Macro Report Q3 2026
The third quarter has seen the dust settle over various political and economic processes, which have also slowed down with the pretext of the June 24 double earthquake.
Aluminium: Venezuela's Vertically Integrated Industrial Asset
Venezuela's aluminium sector represents one of the country's most significant vertically integrated industrial assets, historically ranking among the world's leading bauxite and primary aluminium producers.
Inside Venezuela’s real estate market
Venezuela’s real estate market does not lend itself to conventional analysis. Pricing, liquidity, and transaction structure all diverge from what an investor would expect in a functioning credit market, and any assessment must start from that premise.
Venezuela Macro Report | Q2 2026
Macro Report | The second quarter of 2026 has shown a strengthening of the new relationship between the governments of President Donald Trump and Interim President Delcy Rodríguez.
The economic impact of Venezuela’s twin earthquakes
The seismic event also hit Venezuela at a time of economic weakness.
Blue Crab: A key opportunity in the U.S.-Venezuela agro-food trade
The blue crab represents one of Venezuela's most significant and resilient wild-caught seafood exports.
Shrimp aquaculture: Venezuela’s biggest non-oil opportunity?
When it comes to Venezuela's non-oil exports, shrimp is the real star. The sector currently represents one of the most important non-oil export chains in the country, easily outperforming traditional industries such as cement and aluminium, which collapsed after massive waves of…
Venezuela Macro Report | Q1 2026
Macro Report | Venezuela is at a crossroads after the U.S. attack that led to Nicolás Maduro’s capture on January 3, and the designation of Delcy Rodríguez as Interim President on January 5. Even as it faces an uncertain future, the South…
Can Trinidad & Tobago Engineer an Energy Comeback?
After a decade defined by declining reserves, infrastructure bottlenecks, and the fallout from the Petrotrin refinery crisis, Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) stands at a critical juncture. The nation is currently signalling a bold pivot: a synchronised surge in natural gas production aimed…
Strategic Sectors in Venezuela: From Nationalization to Revitalization
Special Report | The Venezuelan economic landscape has been profoundly reshaped over the past two decades by extensive state intervention and the systematic nationalization of core industries. This structural shift has transitioned the country from a diversified, mixedcapital market into an economy…
The Cabinet of Delcy Rodríguez
Since assuming the interim presidency on January 5, just two days after the U.S. attack, Delcy Rodríguez has moved to reorganise the Venezuelan government, with frequent appointments.
Essequibo - Tension, Talks, and Growth: 60 Years Since the signingof the Geneva Agreement
The territorial dispute between Guyana and Venezuela over the Essequibo region remains one of South America’s most persistent geopolitical controversies.
Unlocking Venezuela’s oil rebirth
The 2026 Hydrocarbons Law Reform represents the greatest liberalisation of Venezuela’s oil sector since its nationalisation in 1976.
Venezuela Between OPEC+ and the U.S. in an Oversupplied Oil Market
After years of low production, shrinking exports, and an almost invisible role in global oil markets, Venezuela’s oil sector is suddenly back in the spotlight. As a result of the dramatic events in Venezuela, the removal of Nicolás Maduro, the rise of…
Is Venezuela’s bond market looking at the right signals?
Venezuela bonds have risen as much as 80% this year with increasing hopes for a political transition, but many are acting on the wrong signals.
Guyana seeks to diversify with Total-Qatar Energy-Petronas consortium
On November 11, the three major oil companies signed a five‑year Production Sharing Agreement with the government of Guyana for shallow‑water Block S4 off Guyana’s coast, with TotalEnergies having the biggest share (40 %) and being the project operator. Qatar Energy holds…
Country Risk Analysis: What does it mean to designate the “Cartel de los Soles” as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation?
Key implication: U.S.-based and other international companies operating in Venezuela could be subject to accusations of financially supporting a designated “Foreign Terrorist Organisation.”
War Signals, Quiet Channels, and Venezuela’s Discounted Barrels
In a recent post on Truth Social, U.S. President Donald Trump threatened Venezuela to take back ‘prisoners and people from mental institutions,’ or else ‘the price you will pay will be incalculable.’ This was announced right when the U.S. military was deploying…
How the U.S. is Handing Over Venezuela’s Oil Sector to China
After coming into office, the administration of President Donald Trump has eliminated licenses for oil companies to operate in Venezuela, despite initial hints that it would continue them, with presidential envoy Richard Grenell’s visits to Caracas.
What do we know about the new oil contracts in Venezuela?
An alleged list of companies that signed “productive participation contracts” (CPPs) with PDVSA was recently leaked. There has also been talk of a growing role for Chinese companies in Venezuela as U.S. sanctions intensify .
Which U.S. companies bought Venezuelan oil?
While Chevron was the main U.S. producer of Venezuelan oil, the product found a long list of buyers in the East Coast. These included fellow supermajors like ExxonMobil, Phillips 66 and Valero, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Chevron Out, Black Market In? The Fallout of U.S. Sanctions on Venezuela
On 26 February, U.S. President Donald Trump announced his intention to end General License 41, which allowed Chevron to operate in Venezuela despite sanctions. Meanwhile, there are other “specific licenses” for oil and gas companies at risk.
Despite Trump’s Crackdown, Venezuela Still Has Buyers
It is 3 April, so any country buying Venezuelan oil must face a 25% tariff on all its trade with the United States. That is according to President Donald Trump’s executive order signed on 24 March. The White House has also ordered…
Trump's Brand New Policy Tool May Upend Oil Trades
On Monday, Trump presented a brand-new policy tool to the world, “secondary tariffs.” That is, if other countries buy Venezuelan oil and gas, all of their trade with the U.S. will be subject to a 25% tariff. Venezuelan exports are not subject…
Trump to revoke Venezuela oil licenses
On 26 February, President Donald Trump said he intended to remove General License 41, which allows Chevron to operate in Venezuela despite sanctions.
January's PDVSA output at 1 million barrels per day
Venezuela's crude oil production would have surpassed 1 million barrels per day (bpd) in January, according to numbers reported by OPEC—citing the local Ministry of Hydrocarbons.
Richard Grenell visits Maduro in Caracas
CNN first reported that Richard Grenell was due to arrive in Caracas on Friday, to discuss a deal on deportations with Venezuela’s Nicolás Maduro.
How Venezuela's oil sector changed in 2024
The year 2024 was a rocky one for Venezuela’s oil sector. Production, investment, and exports grew, yet facing many challenges and uncertainty.
Trump envoy speaks to Maduro officials
On 20 January, Richard Grenell announced on social media that he was speaking to “officials in Venezuela.” He added that “diplomacy is back,” and “talking is a tactic.”
Maduro's inauguration is done. What now?
On 10 January, Venezuela’s incumbent president Nicolás Maduro was sworn in for a third term, amidst accusations of electoral fraud.
Taking a close look at Venezuela’s special economic zones
Between 12 and 13 December, Caracas hosted Shenzhen University’s special economic zones forum. The Venezuelan government used the occasion to announce new plans for the two-year-old special economic zones regime.
Venezuela presents budget for 2025
On Tuesday, Vice President Delcy Rodriguez presented a $22.7 billion national budget for 2025 at the National Assembly.
Venezuela quietly launches mass privatisation programme
Venezuela would be discreetly launching a mass privatisation programme, according to various sources who claim to have information on the matter.
Delcy Rodriguez and Hector Obregon outline PDVSA plan for 2025
On Wednesday, Venezuela’s Vice President Delcy Rodriguez and PDVSA CEO Hector Obregon outlined plans for the sector at the Cámara Petrolera’s 2024 conference.
Venezuela plans import substitution programme
On 28 October, Minister of Industry Alex Saab said that Venezuela should pursue a policy of import substitution, and also aim to be a leading exporter in the region.
UNDP upgrades 2024 growth for Venezuela to 6.1%
The United Nations Development Programme has upgraded its growth forecast for Venezuela this year, in its Second Quarter report published on 7 October.
Trinidad ConocoPhillips ruling may not affect Venezuela natural gas projects
A court in Trinidad and Tobago approved sending PDVSA payments from the island nation to ConocoPhillips, to cover the $1.33bn claim against the Venezuelan state-owned oil company.
Venezuela’s Nicolas Maduro and Delcy Rodriguez meet Repsol, fears that oil output may stagnate
On 23 September, Venezuela’s President Nicolas Maduro and Vice President Delcy Rodriguez held a meeting with Repsol executives, with the backdrop of tense relations between Madrid and Caracas.
Maduro reshuffles trade and foreign exchange administrations
On 19 September, Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro announced changes in the administrations relating to trade and ports, as he spoke to the Productive Economy Council.
Delcy Rodriguez announces financial reforms
On 29 August Venezuelan Vice President Delcy Rodriguez announced reforms to encourage growth in the financial sector.
Venezuela’s CB announces 8.78% growth, contrasting with independent estimates
On 29 August, the Central Bank of Venezuela said that the national economy grew by 8.8% in the second quarter of this year, and 8.4% in the first quarter.
Venezuela faces a period of turmoil after a contested election result
Early on Monday morning, the head of Venezuela’s National Electoral Council Elvis Amoroso sparked an international backlash by declaring President Nicolás Maduro as the winner of Sunday’s election.
Venezuela oil output continues to grow in June
Venezuela’s crude oil production continued to increase in June, according to the latest OPEC report released on Wednesday. Output has been on a trend of slow yet sustained growth for two years.
US-Venezuela talks bring hope for election
President Nicolas Maduro announced the resumption of talks with the US on his Monday TV programme, Con Maduro + , on 1 July.
UNDP forecasts 4.2% growth for Venezuela
On 28 June, the United Nations Development Programme released its forecast of 4.2% economic growth for Venezuela.
Colombia’s Ecopetrol to import Venezuelan gas from 2025
Speaking at the Andesco business association conference, Ecopetrol CEO Ricardo Roa presented a 10-year plan to ensure a stable natural gas supply for Colombia, which includes imports from Venezuela from 2025.
Venezuela-US oil trade continues to grow
The US Energy Information Administration shows that oil imports from Venezuela have increased this year, reaching 180,000 barrels per day in March. That month, the South American country rose to become the sixth source of crude imports in the US, and seventh…
Venezuela’s long and winding debt restructuring road
Many people think Venezuelan debt is a lost cause, a game only to be played by rinky-dink hedge funds. After all, the bonds have been in default since 2017 — a longer period in limbo than even Argentina suffered after its 2001…
BP and Trinidad receive OFAC license for new Venezuela project
Trinidad and Tobago received a “specific license” from the US Treasury’s OFAC to develop a new gas project in Cocuina-Manakin field. The offshore reservoir is shared between the island nation and Venezuela and involves BP and Trinidad’s National Gas Company.
Understanding Venezuela’s tourism rebound
Venezuela already starts with an advantage with its natural endowments. It has the longest Caribbean coastline with hundreds of islands, white-sand beaches, keys, and natural swimming pools. A varied range of natural reserves cover rainforests, mountains, savannahs, and even a desert—and of…
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